Landscripts of Vienna and Seoul - Jadric Architektur

The course “Landscripts of Vienna and Seoul” was offered to students at TU Wien in the Master of Architecture and Planning. An intensive study of the urban typology of housing was undertaken with the students and the Guest Professor Seung H-Sang (SDF), Mladen Jadric (TU) and various experts and practitioners. The results of the course was then presented in the Soeul like Korean_Austrian contribution to the Biennale of Seoul 2017 (September-November 2017).

Hope Village is a shanty town located in Nowon-gu Seoul. With the background of new initiatives for public housing development, the exhibition consists of projects designed for two small towns in Hope Village. Based on the experience of Seoul and Vienna, the project is based on the principle that affordable housing is a right, a necessary part of a just, inclusive, and sustainable city. The main concepts of the project are presented in eight categories: topography, pad, road, way of living, design, environment, micro-economy, and community. Based on selected typologies and design principles, concrete methods for accessing the high-density low-floor area are introduced in eight books. The exhibition illustrates the various layers and contexts of modern urban conditions and the potential for high-density, low-rise residential models for future Seoul.

Exhibition Biennale Seoul 2017 – Dongdaemun Design Park & Plaza

01 – Way of Living

Preservation of living spaces must not be just a physical activity. Sustainable communities must respect the way of living for native residents. Keeping the way of living means that we are preserving our history. Not just physical aspects that people relied upon, but also people’s way of living must be protected. For example, people must be allowed to continue cultivating their farmlands and managing their stores. The community spaces for people to gather must be preserved to make sure they want to stay in their places. Of course, the happiness of families in the communities must be ensured. Nevertheless, the way of living will change as new facilities will come and affect the old way of living. This should not be hastened. One must know that not all structures are designed wholly by architectures or construction companies.

Spatial Transparency

The way of living based on the alley : making their own space upon people’s desire, a place for chatter, making a green space with pots, working together. And these furnitures were important elements of the alley supporting the way of living.

We hope this 3 kinds of spatial transparency could propose a new way of meeting the density but keeping and maximizing the way of living as well.

Refurbished Memory

The old village played a major role in trying to determine how a new life could be brought in to this rich and old heritage. Topography played an important role in our decision making process as did the spaces of living and public spaces surrounding the area. It was necessary for us to try and understand the culture, as it was in The way of Living that we searched to combine the old and the new, there in came the idea of the “Refurbished Memory”. We can show the relation between the build volume and the voids. The idea behind these pads was to have how we like to call it Layered privacy. The ground loor apartment are in their context shared apartments which have a private – semi private and open space. The rest of the ground floor is public space illed with spaces of a variety ofuses. We wanted to implement as many different activities on the ground floor as possible to put “life” on the roads in between the buildings. Some of the spaces include a shared kitchen, kindergarten, utility room for the tenants and commercial spaces for the people living there to open private businesses. In the end we wanted to implement urban gardening on the roofs as a way of providing food for the people of the community.

The furniture that is designed for these apartments are foldable and multi-purpose. Tables can be folded up to prived more room for movementand a bed can be pulled down over the sofa so the living room becomes the bedroom.

With the shared apartment we wanted to introduce a new way of living in that community. The apartment is organised in three different spaces. First are the bedrooms, those are private rooms for the residents.In the middle we ind the kitchen and bathroom, a semi-private space and the rest of the apartment is an open space that is free to be organised by the residents as they please.

The main unit in the building is a narrow and long apartment. We designed a system where all the furniture and the bathroom are build-in on one side of the residence. The big open space gives residents freedom to use it as they please but also having everything that is necessary for a quality living. Windows on each side provide enough light throughout the apartment.

Sai Sam

In our opinion the Korean way of living should be preserved even with the new living structures, but also the new architecture should be able to offer more variation before. We achieved that with our living units structure and their organization. As mentioned before the inner movable walls can allow tenants to form new space.

02 – Topography

Topography is a geographical characteristic that was formed from time immemorial. As all lands have distinct locations, their features are all different. But at the same time, all topographies are not independent. All lands are closely connected to each other in all directions. Damaging topography means disconnect to other geographical locations; which is going against the law of nature. Among all, the Korean peninsula has very three-dimensional topography. Most of the flatlands of Korea are being used as farmlands since rice is a staple diet for Koreans. Therefore, most of the Korean villages are located on hill lands. Since Korean houses are built on hills, the constructions must follow topography of the land and therefore the entire village would assimilate with topography.

Eine Siedlung

The object of art is not to reproduce reality, but to create a reality of the same intensity. -Alberto Burri

Sai Sam

This element is very present in our projects and as already mentioned, we embrace it and work with topography. Our buildings react to the topography with their form and function. The terraced building bodies are a response on the ground they stand on. They offer an optimal light exposure while retaining the full functionality of the inside rooms. The sloped ground is also used for making storage rooms and freepurposed rooms on the lower loors, while the upper loors accommodate terraced living units. The sloped ground is also beneicial for creating interesting street and road situations where different levels and views can offer different functions and gives distinct personality to every segment of the road.

To the Top

The Hope Village is situated in the Sanggye 3th and 4th residential quarter, which is a part of Nowon district, located on the North-Southern side in Seoul. The village is located on a slope and is surrounded by mountains. The houses have a strong connection to the environment and landscape. The narrow streets give the impression of a high density in these peripheral area.

03 – Community

The planners are expected to design an infrastructure that enables socialization through strategic planning of specific community areas, both indoor and outdoor. Every housing project contains sub-projects that promote social mix, women’s emancipation, integration of disabled and elderly people, immigrants, and provides educational and cultural content as a principle of co-existance. In doing so, planners demonstrate a high level of awareness for the requirements of everyday life. Spatial organisation and sequencing are primarily meant to enable socialization and promote already existing networks on every scale: among most immediate neighbors, within housing blocks, and on streets across neighborhoods. A proper organisation of a housing unit will create an identity by linking all spaces „in between“· The goal is to motivate tenants to actively and independently participate in community life because they wish to do so. The City of Vienna has declared affordable housing a basic requirement and an essential ingredient of a just, inclusive, and sustainable city. One of the key accomplishments is its 100 year tradition and experience in building subsidized housing as well as in„soft“ renewal of the city. Vienna’s experience could be shared and established as an international model of synergy that takes into account economic, environmental, architectural, and social elements.

Co-Housing

Community-based housing and programms are the fundament of these projects. With facilities such as shared kitchens, workshop spaces, open living rooms and gardens the “CO_HOUSE” offers a wide variety of communal spaces, which are part of the villagers’ daily life. Opening these spaces to the public allows the current residents to translate their talents into work and reintroducing themselves back to the city, as well as drawing in new people. Attractions such as galleries, shops and flexible spaces serve as creative outlets for the experimental villagers and appeal to new settlers bringing life back into the village. Young and old are encouraged to interact and help each other in everyday tasks. The aim of the project is to keep the essence of the old village in memory, but at the same time offering the current and future residents a new perspective.

Over the course of 30 years and to date, the experimental villagers have used cheap materials and yet ingenious methods to costumize and expand their homes. ROAD_SOCIAL SPACE The existing roads are translated into the design as extensions of the shared living rooms. They are elevated to allow connections in all levels and serve as essential social spaces, that retain the memories of the old narrow, but lively alley ways.

“If you give people nothingness, they can ponder what can be achieved from that nothingness.” Tadao Ando

COMMUNITY IN BIG HOUSE Extensive analysis and research are needed to comprehend the essence of a community. Even then, one can never truely know what makes its people interact and work together the way they do. Every community is unique in its own way. Implementing a new system in such a close community brings a lot of challenges.The programmatic concept of our design takes the increase of density as well as a community-based higher standard of living in consideration. Translating the old alley ways into the upper levels as communal spaces encourages interactions and communication among the residents. The spaces outside of their separate private rooms form a big living space that can be shared with the whole community.

CO_MIX&SHARE Shared spaces, especially kitchens aren’t just immensely eficient, but they also nurture the community of the residents.Eating plays a big part in our everyday life, especially in Korean households.They take pride in their specialty dishes. Therefore introducing shared kitchens allows them to share these with their neighbours and enjoy their daily meals with a bigger community.

ECOLOGICAL ECONOMIES Working with the environment not only means to consider it during the designing process, but also means blending into it.The existing mountainous landscape and direct connection to nature, which are given by the location of the Hope Village cannot be ignored, as they are the basis upon which everything is built. Introducing green roofs allows the residents to embark on personal and communal gardening projects, such as planting their own vegetables, which can benefit the community. Taking care and being aware of the environment are crucial for sustainable living.

The unique topography of the site is used to create multi-leveled communal rooms, such as this indoor “Big Living Room”. It shall encourage interaction and communication between the residents and is situated in between the private rooms.

An outdoor equivalent to this spatial concept is the depicted “Communal Landscape”, which includes a recreational fitnessspace, a children playground and connections between the apartments.

Inbetween

Community is a strong element in the Village. Harsh living conditions were solved with local networks. Neighbours help each other to find daily jobs and even share electricity bills. They meet mostly on wide streets or in their courtyards. INBETWEEN is planned to strengthen community by shared facilities in ground loors. Clusters Staircases are thought as arms of roads which smoothly melt in to private space. Every floor has its own open living room before entering the actual apartment. This semi-private areas extend street life vertically through the in between atriums. Two L-Shape volumes form every cluster, which are connected with a staircase. Bigger units can be divided up to 3 rooms. They are planned for co-living, but can also transform in to family apartments. There are also number of small units for singles or couples. Clusters are part of a bigger connection system. On site 8 a communal atrium connects whole area and creates a smoot transition from public to private. Site 15 is linked through one street. Semi private courtyards are located along the street and form small squares.

HIERARCHY BETWEEN ROOMS IN HANOK Houses are formed by rooms, which are equal in size and importance. Entrance doors lead to courtyards and through the yard each room is accessible. This way rooms can be used by different people separately. Courtyard is the main light source and also the living room. URBAN HIERARCHY AND SEQUENCE Courtyard and Street are two important elements of Korean community life. They are spaces where neighbours communicate each other. Narrow streets don’t keep the neighbours from using communal space. INBETWEEN aims to widen the streets with courtyards of houses and create new meeting points for the neighbourhood. Streets enlarge with courtyards as small squares.

USER PROFILE In the last 40 years the amount of single housolds in South Korea raised. One-person household is very common in these days. Elderly people used to live with their children before, but every year the percentage of generation living is sinking. Becaouse of these reasons INBETWEEN aims to connect singles in new community. Singles have the possibilty to share some facilities in an apartment or they can live in their own apartements. This single units can also be used by couples.

TYPOLOGY A 60 m 2 This typology is flexible for different users. The sanitary is placed on the short side of L-Form. The length side of the apartemnt is so flexible that it can be used as one big room or divided up to 3 rooms. It is planned for singles, who wants to share toilet , shower and kitchen. Kitchen opens to staircase, which creates a meeting point with neighbours. This typology can be also adaptable for families with children. TYPOLOGY B 36 m2 This typology is planned for singles and couples, who wants to have their own toilet , shower and kitchen. Kitchen opens to staircase like all typologies, which creates a meeting point with neighbours.

Interactive Village

Hope Village used to have a full and thriving community. While every household was designated for private use and clearly closed off from each other, the roads separating them were used for daily interaction and shared activities like markets, gambling, playing, urban farming and other forms of socializing. The distinction between private and public space were clearly marked, yet very well functioning. Taking this into consideration, Interactive Village will revive the former sense of community and taking it one step further. The distinction between private and public will become blurred by opening up the ground floor to widen the roads and courtyards, providing each household with various sharing opportunities and making two to three story apartment buildings accessible through terraces and rooftops.

PROGRAM A system of rentable and shared spaces in the ground floor will provide many opportunities for interaction and a well functioning community. Shops, workshops, shared laundry, common kitchens and bike rooms as well as ateliers and designated spaces for elderly and children are examples of activities that could take place in our sites.

FLEXIBLE LIVING A 35 square meter apartment equipped with interactive elements to it up to three people. Interactive elements adapted to an actual apartment on site 1. Up to six people could share 85 square meter living space.

04 – Pad

Pad shows the history of the land as it was created for mankind to live on earth. Some pads become the first land that human beings settle upon and other pads are created up on the previous pads to form overlapping landscape of habitation. All pads are specific and strong signs of human will to live on the land. Pad itself is a unique landscape that was created by not nature but man: cultural landscape. Especially, most of the pads in the Korean landscape with a lot of hills are small, so they cannot hold large buildings. As such, preserving those pads means protecting the landscape of Korea.

Spatial Transparency

We deal with 2 requires from the site, ‘Double density’ and ‘keeping the way of living’. This project suggests a possibility of new urban density with a community space of small villagescale. This project suggests a more sustainable alternative for urban development but keeping the way of living of the seit. We propose a new prototype with 3 spatial transparency to suggest a new urban density keeping the way of living. It’s a prototype for the minimal guide line but adaptable in various way. It creates various public space scenarios. This prototype is combined with 3 kinds of spatial transparency and suggesting a new urban density. The pad on the ground level is illed up with popup space, an expansion of the alley. This space continuously expands to the upper loor passing through staircase with shared kitchen, shared Ma-ru space with wooden louvers. It’s not only keeping the physical memory of pad line but also keeping the spatial essence illed up in the PAD. The pop-up space baseline on ground level is a remain of PAD and this organizes and maximizes the community from the alleypad (pop-up space)-shared Ma-ru space. It’s based on 5.3m*5.3m construction which is a scale for usual living room in Korea. The columns has a functional character : irrigation, electricity, wii/internet.

The columns which stand along the PAD as the pop-up space baseline from the ground level supplies water/electronic/internet&wii to all the housings.

The community with movable walls and pop-up space furnitures which started from the PAD on the ground level is continued at the shared space with wooden louvers on the upper loors as well.

Interactive Village

Hope Village was built by its own residents using local materials and tools they had on hand which resulted in an unique mixture of creativity and individuality. In order to manage the steep topography, each plot was somewhat evened out into a so called pad which in turn reshaped the landscape into a terraced hill. The village took shape without a proper masterplan or overall scheme which allowed for the buildings and the pads on which the houses were built to deine the in between space, the roads, and not the other way around. Taking this into consideration, Interactive Village will follow the existing network of pads, roads and buildings. By keeping the narrow widths of the roads, the exact shape of each pad and the general footprint of every building – the future residents will know and carry on the memory of what the village once was, yet being able to make memories of their own.

Scraffolding

Unlike in Western cultures where every room of the house has a speciied function and the furniture has its permanent place in a certain room, Koreans only adopted this practice in the last century. Before that a room could be used for sleeping for eating or working, depending on what temporary furniture you put up there. Small tables or futon beds could easily be set up and stowed away. Inspired by the Korean tradition of blank living space we developed the Scaffolding Home that recreates this undeined living room and outsources the functionality of living to the surrounding scaffolding.

Like the original single storey buildings, the scaffolding house is built on the same pad, but growing to the height of 3 storeys.

ENVELOPE OF PRIVACY Even though the building footprint does not exactly cover the whole pad, a scaffolding is wrapped around the border of the pad making a transition zone between building and road that works as the village living room.

PUBLIC ALCOVES In the ground loor the scaffolding opens up to the village community, providing them everything they places to socialize, grow their vegetables and eat with their neighbours. Since every Scaffolding Home has a shared kitchen in the ground loor the residents of the house will be eating outside when the weather is nice.

LIGHTING PROBLEM CARBONATE Street widths of 1.5m and building heights of 9m make the natural lighting a challenge. By building every wall out of translucent polycarbonate elements the marriage of the density and light is possible.

LIGHTING SOLUTION Street widths of 1.5m and building heights of 9m make the natural lighting a challenge. By building every wall out of translucent polycarbonate elements the marriage of the density and light is possible.

SUBDIVISION OF THE MAIN ROOM Moveble walls make it easy to divide the main room and adjust for a different number of people also in daily life. When inviting guests or for a party 3 rooms could be combined to one. Or in family life you can make a subdivision for every child and once the grow old enough to move out rooms will be merged to larger ones.

05 – Road

The western cities are usually located on flat-lands. In order to divide the lands and connect them efficiently, the roads are paved first, so they are mostly straight lines. However, because most of the Korean houses are on hill lands, the houses must be built first and the roads are paved in between the houses. Because of the hill, the roads cannot be straight lines and the widths are all different. They are in curve, wide and at the same time narrow and steep. These roads are not just used as passages, but as places for meeting, playing and resting. Sometimes, a community can hold festivals and community labors for all people to participate. They can be locations for strengthening the solidarity and friendship. These are the reasons why roads are important public spaces for the memory of communities. Preserving these roads would conserve the history of the Korean communities.

Interactive Village

Hope Village has, like many other korean villages, over time developed an intricate network of roads seperating the buildings and pads. Most of them are quite narrow, 1.5-2 meters wide, yet they are used for much more than just transportation. Every day life occur here. By storing and growing food, meeting neighbors, gambling, selling, cooking and playing, the road space functions as an extension of the private household. Taking this into consideration, Interactive Village will not just preserve but also enhance the way of using the road space. Adding two new levels to the road network, one connecting the rooftops and one intersecting the buildings, will create more lexible and practical use of the space. Offering the possibility to open up each building facing the road will blur the line between private and public and also widen the road space. Incorporating interactive elements that allow activities to occur without taking up precious road space will create new opportunities for the residents and visitors to interact with each other.

Sai Sam

The site is in the heart of the village and is surrounded completely by neighboring sites. The site has prominent topography which allows it to focus more on its beneits and implement them into its living units; such as view, accessibility and light. And as the main motive we used an everpresent element of nature. The village is surrounded by mountains and forests and we decided to let it invade our sites in form of green courtyards, ield patches, tree boxes and pads which can accomodate plant pots.

To the Top

Before sanggye quarter has begun to develop in the 1960s, it was a open ield for the agricultural use. The former river, which used to exist the area until it was plastered as a main street in 1994, has remained its signiicant function as a main axis across Sanggye quarter. Under the new urban development policy in the 1970s, the roads have been extended, enlarged, modiied and partly rasterized since sanggye quarter became a residential quarter in the 1960s.

Within 400m from the Hope Village, there are several public spaces with different functionalities. Most of them are religious facilities which serve as large and important meeting points for the residents in this area. The Hope Village is well connected to the public transport system. the bus stations are reachable in 5 minutes by foot, the subway station “ Danggogae” in 8-10 minutes. Although the area shows a solid connection to the infrastructure, public greeneries as parks or play grounds are barely to ind.

06 – Microeconomy

The basic requirement of subsidized housing is its financial viability for both developers and users. Two strategies are in place: a) first, the main purpose of a design process is to minimize the cost of construction and building equipment, and consequently to reduce the costs for end users, including tenancy terms; b) second, the design process is to create spaces that promote existing microeconomic networks and facilitate new sources of income for tenants. Public funding and well organised vocational communities greatly improve the rentability of subsidized housing. In terms of comprehensive sustaintability, smart design ensures a proper balancing of initial investment and follow-on maintanance costs.

Green House

The small site offers compact living. ‘Plan Libre’ makes it possiblle to it the loor plan to the individual needs of everyone. Common rooms, which are situated in the cellars of each building, extand the small living space. Multifuctional rooms facilitate everyday life and gives enough space for personal development. In the underground you can ind a bike storage, a studio, a itnessroom, a gym and a washroom. In the northern part of the site, there is a medical ordination which is connected to the gym. Instead of a classical roof you can ind green houses on the top of each building. It is a semiprivate space for the dweller of the site, a space for all-the-year gardening. There you can plant fruits and vegetables like in the Viennese garden plots. This not only smallers your footprint, but it gives you also the perfect opportunity for saving some money. In addition, the biological waste can be used as a fertilize. So the tenants can live in harmony with nature like in Korean tradition.

Inbetween

In order to create a business in area, it is aimed to lower the rent for business owners and to create a system, which beneits local people in neighbourhood and business owners at the same time. The Plan is to merge functions of business space and public space, in which both should have similar functions and create a win-win situation for both parties. With this system small businesses would have chance for rapid growth and villagers would have chance to earn money Two L-Shape volumes form every cluster, which are connected with a staircase. Bigger units can be divided up to 3 rooms. They are planned for co-living, but can also transform in to family apartments. There are also number of small units for singles or couples. Clusters are part of a bigger connection system. On site 8 a communal atrium connects whole area and creates a smoot transition from public to private. Site 15 is linked through one street. Semi private courtyards are located along the street and form small squares.

Step by Step

Sites 4 and 13 are very different in shape, latitude, topography and density. The first, located on the lower part of the Hope Village, cuts the site in almost its entire lenght, with a high difference of 12 m from the start to the top. On one side t is connected to the main vehicle accessible street. The other roads divide the site in nine 11 m x 11 m lots. On the opposit, site n. 13 is one of the largest sites, located on the highest point of the village and really connected to the Bulam mountain in the back. Moreover this site is even more characteristic for the presence of the a temple and a church. With 58% and 27% of FAR for the sites, the main points of the projects were: increase the density, maximazing the buildable area of the already exsisting lots; maximaze the highness of the buildings without stealing light and view from each other; restore the quality of living of the traditional korean house; introduce new social aspects in the project in order to achieve social sustainability. To reach this results, the concept of the “Step by step” from the public areas, near the roads, towards the most intimate, private spaces of the house, was created. It will be shown in very different aspects inside the various categories.

The aim of the project was to improve the quality of living of the current inhabitants, but also to offer opportunities to live and work to new people. For this reason, new activities are planned in the sites, fitness rooms, common baths, libraries, classrooms and shared farms are placed acconding to the principle of “mixed use”. With external sponsors, flexible rooms generate a high number of activities that could help the economy grow inside the village.

07 – Design

Quality of architectural design matters. It produces more value for tennants and promotes sustainable urban development. Residential architecture always mirrors society for which it is made. Housing typologies and models reflect a successful integration of architectural design and ecology, economy, and social sustainability. A synchronised design process improves design elements and shapes of spaces on every scale: inside single apartments, inside buildings, and entire settelments. The objective of design is to address residents’ needs, encourage interaction among social classes, and promote innovation and high-quality public and shared spaces. Originality of all eleven architectural typologies is not an expression of style but of a new model of urban living. They challenge settled models and promote variety in contemporary housing architecture.

Eine Siedlung

It started with a road and small gaps between… Korea: Traditional Korean Hanok is oriented to the South. A Hanok was often built between a river and a mountain. These buildings are traditionally located by the means of geomancy (the GI). The River is located in the front while the mountain is located in the background, a building in closeness with nature. In a Hanok, science, nature and dwellers are in harmony. Its inner space is also surrounding a patio, in comparison with the traditional Japanese patio house, the inner space is separated in man´s part of the house and women’s part. All rooms in a Hanok are designed with wooden loor including a heating system, which is necessary because of the cold winters. Japan: Shops and markets were oriented to the streets, private spaces to back. This was basically a functional way of separating private and public space. The gaps between the buildings were just small paths wide as a single person. This basic concept is still visible nowadays. To get air light and ventilation into the living space, a patio was set, mostly in the center of the buildings. The Patio had many different functions for the dwellers. The buildings were closed to the surroundings and the different parts of houses were surrounding the patio. Room area for producing goods, selling goods, cooking, sleeping, and living were close to each other, but still separated by different levels/ layers. The materials of the loor are different depending on the usage of the room.

Scraffolding

WESTERN TRADITION In the Western tradtion every room has a name that tells you what you are supposed to do there. In a dining room the table is a permanent ixed to one place and not supposed to be moved in day-to-day life. KOREAN TRADITION Furniture was a mobile element of the building that could be put up and stowed away, Making it possible to use a small space in many different ways. Working, eating and sleeping could happen in the same room at different times.

OUTSOURCING OF FUNCTION All functional space are moved to the scaffolding part of the building, leaving a big room in the middle that can be divided in any way or left a whole. It is suitable for shared living of singles or couples as well as families.

SHARED SPACES Every Scaffolding House has a shared kitchen for its residents in the ground loor, with the possibility to sit outside under the scaffolding. The stairs lead up to the shared terrace, that can be used by the people for growing their plants, drying their clothes, exercising and socialising with their neighbours.

LIGHT STURCTURE The steel frame defines the maximum space of expansion and the light Polycarbonate Panels allow cheap easy and quick additions or subtractions of rooms in the scaffolding.

To the Top

Before Sanggye quarter has begun to develop in the 1960s, it was a open field for the agricultural use. The former river, which used to exist the area until it was plastered as a main street in 1994, has remained its significant function as a main axis across Sanggye quarter. Under the new urban development policy in the 1970s, the roads have been extended, enlarged, modified and partly rasterized since Sanggye quarter became a residential quarter in the 1960s.

Each of the steps in the procedure of the mentionend craftmanship require different working spaces with diverse light and humidity situations. The graphic above show the possible arrangement of the individual spaces with different functionalities in various levels.

08 – Environment

Mass migration into cities inflicts permanent damage on natural world within their boundaries. Particularly affected are the outlying metropolitan areas: thus our focus is the preservation of natural environment and the creation of healthy neighborhoods. In the conditions of extreme density in the newly built areas, the goal is to create an environmentally responsible lifestyle with a network of green areas and common spaces. The design of „urban furniture“ and „green rooms“ has to respond to technical and ecological criteria by taking into account the needs of different user groups. A further goal is to bring about improvements in energy standards, in the use and production of renewable energy, and to minimize material lows and emissions in the construction of residential buildings.

Spatial Transparency

The void pattern which is formed in between the housings let the lower floors get enough light and by the semi-transparent space: shared space with wooden louver make the light still go through and all the housings can get the enough light. The columns have irrigation pipes and this irrigation is connected to foot-spa and housing’s water system with a purification.

light solution: wooden louver + using topography + void 2. irrigation: pop-up space baseline’s columns 3. rain garden: each housing’s roof

The void formed by how the housings are combined and the wooden louver with the spatial character of semi-transparency let the lights reach to all the housing units and the roads.

By this void pattern, the road and the pop-up space on the ground floor always get the enough light and ventilation. The existing road with the pop-up space and the light from the void. The wooden louvers with spatial character of the semi-transparency considering the orientation. How the rain gardens on the downstair housings and irrigation through the columns work.

Green House

Preserving the environment and creating a sustainable building was the leading motive for designing the site. Using the best technologies to achieve best living quality. On the roofs of the plant illed winter gardens, there are solar panels which are positioned for optimal sun exposure. A geothermical heat pump and heat exchangers are working in every living unit for creating optimal living conditions while using minimal energy.

This requires that every unit also has a small technical room, which is a small sacrifice compared to the saved energy and most modern building physics.Furthermore, not only technology but also natural elements are used for controlling the temperature. The angel of the sun on the site also had been considered for creating urban space.

“Study nature, love nature, stay close to nature. It will never fail you.” Frank Lloyd Wright

LIGHTING SITUATION ON GROUND FLOOR Due to the winter garden, natural light arrives ground floor. The main road also profits by the good light conditions.

Roofs shape depends on the orientation.The building uses renewable energy. On the roofs are solar panels, and each lat has an heat exchanger for better air conditions. In addition, a geothermal heat pump transfers geothermal energy. The buildings are equipped with an engineering room.

VENTILATION The lats has an east-west orientation in order to provide natural air conditioning. ISOLATION Additional isolation on movable window shutter reduces thermal loss in winter. In summer it provides an additional sunscreen.

Step by Step

Sites 4 and 13 are very different in shape, latitude, topography and density. The irst, located on the lower part of the Hope Village, cuts the site in almost its entire lenght, with a high difference of 12 m from the start to the top. On one side t is connected to the main vehicle accessible street. The other roads divide the site in nine 11 m x 11 m lots. On the opposit, site n. 13 is one of the largest sites, located on the highest point of the village and really connected to the Bulam mountain in the back. Moreover this site is even more characteristic for the presence of the a temple and a church.

The world’s cities are as different as its counties and cultures, but decades of research across the globe have yielded a common set of fundamentals for building sustainable cities. Within these principles, the tasks are to decreased car dependence, offering other ways of travelling; improve the quality of air, cutting transportation emission and avoiding big carbon footprints. Construction is still one of the main causes of pollution, but creating sustainible buildings is the only way to improve public healt.

Neverthless the easy and affordable concrete and bricks construction, the project seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact with Design criteria and technical choices:

The design choices need to be implemented by eficient plants that could avoid expensive bills, but guarantee thermal comfort. In such a dense area the most reasonable choice was to consider the rooftops not only as a top of the building, but also as usable spaces.

COMBINATION OF THREE MAIN POSSIBLE USAGE OF ROOFTOPS Urban farming, photovoltaic energy and green roofs. Those environmental choise are used also to show the connection between the buildings: three blocks are connected to each other with sustainable facilities in order to create one L-shape unity.